Data model
Graph databases
Nodes and relationships as first-class citizens. Ideal for traversals: fraud rings, recommendations, network analysis. The leading options are Neo4j, ArangoDB and Apache TinkerPop Gremlin Server.
64 active · ordered by fit for this category, then WhichDB Score
The default property-graph database, with Cypher, a big ecosystem and a managed cloud.
Native multi-model database: documents, graphs, search and vectors behind one query language.
Apache TinkerPop's reference server for running Gremlin traversals over any compatible graph.
Low-latency graph database using sparse matrices, the maintained successor to RedisGraph.
Early Java multi-model database mixing documents, graphs and objects, now in patch-only mode.
Strongly typed entity-relation database with TypeQL, polymorphic queries and a Rust core.
Decentralised, offline-first graph database that syncs peer-to-peer in JavaScript.
Open-source distributed graph database layered on Cassandra, HBase, ScyllaDB or Bigtable.
In-memory, Cypher-compatible graph database in C++ for streaming and real-time graph workloads.
Distributed, horizontally scalable graph database in Go with native GraphQL and DQL.
Git-for-data document and knowledge-graph database with branches, diffs and time travel.
Community-maintained continuation of Kùzu: embedded columnar graph database with Cypher.
PostgreSQL extension that adds openCypher graph queries alongside SQL.
Shared-nothing distributed graph database for trillion-edge graphs, with GQL in Enterprise v5.
Distributed MPP graph database built for deep-link analytics on very large graphs.
AWS's managed graph database speaking Gremlin, openCypher and SPARQL on shared storage.
Immutable in-memory database with Datomic-style Datalog queries for Clojure, ClojureScript and JavaScript.
Multi-model Java database speaking SQL, Cypher, Gremlin, MongoDB and Redis protocols.
Embedded Datalog database blending relational, graph and vector queries; dormant since 2024.
Rust graph-vector database on object storage, queried through typed SDKs for AI apps.
Go graph database inspired by Google's Knowledge Graph, dormant since its 2019 release.
Apache graph database from Baidu with Gremlin and Cypher, pluggable backends and a distributed store.
PostgreSQL fork with a built-in property graph model, mixing SQL, openCypher and ISO GQL.
Ant Group's open-source C++ graph database with ACID transactions, Cypher and LDBC-record performance.
Zero-ETL graph query engine that runs Cypher and Gremlin directly on your lakehouse and SQL tables.
Rust graph database, inspired by Facebook's TAO, usable as an embedded library or a gRPC server.
Lightweight Go graph database with GraphQL, an SQL-like query language, full-text search and scripting.
Embeddable C++ graph database library from Sparsity Technologies, refocused on embedded and mobile.
Embedded Java hypergraph database where edges can link any number of atoms, including other edges.
Gremlin graph layer on the Aerospike database for billion-edge graphs with predictable latency.
Small embeddable Java graph database for TinkerPop: in-memory, ACID, persisted to readable JSON text files.
Web-based relaxed-schema graph data manager for humanities researchers, built on Django over Neo4j.
Memory-optimized AWS graph engine for fast algorithms, openCypher and vector search over large graphs.
Chinese native distributed graph database for HTAP graph workloads in banking and energy.
FactNexus's commercial graph DBMS that treats whole graphs as transactional units for knowledge graphs.
Managed hosting for Neo4j Community Edition on dedicated cloud instances, with backups and replicas.
Commercial distributed graph database marketed as built natively for ISO GQL.
Microsoft's flagship RDBMS: T-SQL, columnstore, Always On, and now native vectors and JSON.
The enterprise heavyweight: RAC, Data Guard and a converged engine for SQL, JSON, graph and vectors.
Microsoft's globally distributed, multi-API NoSQL and vector database with SLA-backed latency.
SAP's in-memory columnar HTAP database, the mandatory engine under S/4HANA.
Google's globally consistent, horizontally scaling SQL service with graph, vector and full-text built in.
Microsoft's always-current managed SQL Server engine, from free serverless databases to 128 TB Hyperscale.
Rust multi-model database (documents, graph, vectors, live queries) that runs embedded, in WASM or clustered.
Enterprise multi-model database for XML, JSON and RDF with built-in search and semantic RAG.
Standards-compliant RDF triplestore with reasoning, connectors and MCP support for GraphRAG.
Oracle's engineered system for Oracle Database, with smart storage offload for OLTP and analytics.
Immutable Datalog database from Nubank where every fact is timestamped and queries run in the app process.
Enterprise knowledge-graph platform: RDF store, reasoning and virtual graphs over your sources.
GPU- and vector-accelerated database for real-time spatial, time-series and vector analytics.
Open-source, durable Datalog database for Clojure with Datomic-style immutable history.
Immutable RDF graph database with time travel, git-style branching, SPARQL, JSON-LD and Cypher.
Microsoft's managed community PostgreSQL, with zone-redundant HA, DiskANN vectors and Citus elastic clusters.
MIT-licensed RDF triple store for .NET with SPARQL and a LINQ-based entity framework; dormant since 2020.
Converged C/C++ NoSQL platform mixing key-value, documents, time-series, stream processing, graph and ML.
MPP in-memory RDF graph database for OLAP-style SPARQL analytics, now Altair Graph Lakehouse under Siemens.
Deductive object base for metamodeling, built on O-Telos with Datalog rules and unlimited meta-levels.
Objective-C object database with Git-like branching, tree-structured undo and semantic merging built in.
Downloadable Spanner that runs on your own servers, other clouds or a laptop, with Paxos and auto-sharding.
Self-tuning document-graph database with automatic indexing, full version history and time-travel reads.
C# .NET object database with a graph layer (VelocityGraph); last release 11.1.1 in 2022.
Hosted RDF triple store with SPARQL 1.1, valid-time indexing and an MCP endpoint on every repository.
Self-driving Oracle Database on Exadata: auto-patching, auto-scaling, and Select AI, on OCI and other clouds.
Small Windows RDF store with SPARQL, SPARQL/Update and Datalog rule inference, embeddable via Lua or DLL.
deprecated, discontinued & research · 27
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