Data model

Time-Series databases

Optimised for append-heavy timestamped data with downsampling, retention and time-window queries. The leading options are Prometheus, InfluxDB and TimescaleDB.

74 active · ordered by fit for this category, then WhichDB Score

PrometheusTime-Seriesopen source

CNCF-graduated pull-based monitoring system with a local TSDB, PromQL and alerting rules.

70.8
InfluxDBTime-Seriesopen source

Purpose-built time-series database, rebuilt in Rust on Arrow, DataFusion and Parquet for version 3.

51.0
TimescaleDBTime-Series

PostgreSQL extension adding hypertables, columnar compression and continuous aggregates for time series.

47.1
QuestDBTime-Seriesopen source

Columnar time-series SQL database built for market data and very high ingest rates.

34.1
kdb+Time-Series

Column-store time-series engine with the q language, a fixture of capital-markets tick data.

31.8
Grafana LokiTime-Seriesopen source

Label-indexed log aggregation: Prometheus-style streams, chunks on object storage, LogQL queries.

28.7
VictoriaMetricsTime-Seriesopen source

Resource-frugal, Prometheus-compatible metrics database, run as a single binary or a sharded cluster.

26.8
GraphiteTime-Seriesopen source

Veteran metrics stack: Carbon ingestion, Whisper files and the render API that shaped modern dashboards.

25.2
Apache IoTDBTime-Seriesopen source

Apache time-series database for industrial IoT with tree and table models and edge-to-cloud sync.

22.8
TDengineTime-Seriesopen source

Industrial-IoT time-series database with a table-per-device model and built-in streaming and caching.

17.4
Grafana MimirTime-Seriesopen source

Grafana Labs' horizontally scalable, multi-tenant long-term store for Prometheus and OTLP metrics.

15.8
GreptimeDBTime-Seriesopen source

Rust observability database that keeps metrics, logs and traces in one columnar engine on object storage.

15.1
ArcticDBTime-Series

Serverless DataFrame database from Man Group: Pandas in, versioned columnar data on S3 out.

14.4
ThanosTime-Seriesopen source

Sidecar-plus-object-storage layer giving Prometheus global queries, HA dedup and long retention.

13.1
Grafana PyroscopeTime-Seriesopen source

Continuous profiling database that stores CPU and memory profiles over time on object storage.

12.7
DolphinDBTime-Series

Distributed time-series database and scripting platform for quant finance and industrial analytics.

11.6
GridDBTime-Seriesopen source

Toshiba's memory-first container database for IoT time series, with per-container ACID and SQL.

10.7
CortexTime-Seriesopen source

CNCF multi-tenant, horizontally scalable long-term storage for Prometheus metrics on object storage.

7.2
OpenTSDBTime-Seriesopen source

HBase-backed time-series database from the Hadoop era; still in service, rarely chosen for new work.

6.9
CnosDBTime-Seriesopen source

Rust cloud-native time-series database with SQL on DataFusion and InfluxDB-style ingestion.

6.7
quasardbTime-Series

Distributed columnar time-series database, now sold as Quasar, for tick, sensor and industrial data.

6.6
openGeminiTime-Seriesopen source

CNCF sandbox distributed time-series database from Huawei Cloud, compatible with InfluxQL.

6.5
OSIsoft PITime-Series

The dominant industrial data historian: time-series storage plus asset context for plants and grids.

6.4
KairosDBTime-Seriesopen source

Java time-series database layered on Cassandra or ScyllaDB, from the OpenTSDB lineage.

5.7
M3DBTime-Seriesopen source

Uber-born distributed TSDB and aggregator for Prometheus-scale metrics with tunable replication.

4.2
SiriDBTime-Seriesopen source

Small-footprint, clusterable time-series database with a query language built for grouping series.

4.0
Amazon TimestreamTime-Seriesmanaged

AWS time-series services: managed InfluxDB today, with serverless LiveAnalytics closed to new customers.

3.5
MachbaseTime-Series

Korean time-series database for sensor data, bundled with MQTT, HTTP and dashboards in one binary.

3.1
AtlasTime-Seriesopen source

Netflix's in-memory dimensional time-series database for operational metrics, queried with a stack language.

3.0
FiloDBTime-Seriesopen source

Distributed in-memory time-series database with PromQL, ingesting from Kafka and persisting to Cassandra.

2.2
DatalayersTime-Series

Multi-model database for IoT and observability: time series, full-text, vector and key-value on Parquet.

1.7
DalmatinerDBTime-Seriesopen source

Erlang metric store on riak_core and ZFS with a SQL-like query language; dormant since 2019.

1.4
KerfTime-Seriesopen source

Columnar tick database and array language from Kona's author, with JSON and SQL syntax; open-sourced in 2022.

1.3
BluefloodTime-Seriesopen source

Rackspace's multi-tenant metrics ingestion, rollup and query service on Cassandra; dormant since 2022.

1.2
ITTIA DBTime-Series

Embedded time-series and relational database for microcontrollers, RTOS and edge AI devices.

0.0
RedisKey-Valueopen source

The in-memory data structure server that became the default cache, now with search, JSON and vectors built in.

84.3
MongoDBDocument

The default document database: flexible BSON documents, rich queries and built-in sharding.

80.5
ElasticsearchSearch Engineopen source

Lucene-based distributed search and analytics engine for text, vectors, logs and metrics.

75.1
ClickHouseColumnar / OLAPopen source

Open-source columnar OLAP database known for very fast aggregations over billions of rows.

69.8
OpenSearchSearch Engineopen source

Apache-licensed, foundation-governed fork of Elasticsearch for search, vectors and observability.

56.6
SplunkSearch Engine

Machine-data indexing and search platform with schema-on-read SPL queries, now owned by Cisco.

48.1
Teradata VantageRelational

The original MPP data warehouse, now VantageCloud with open table formats and in-database analytics.

38.5
Apache DruidColumnar / OLAPopen source

Real-time analytics database for sub-second slice-and-dice over streaming event data.

35.0
VerticaColumnar / OLAP

Veteran MPP columnar analytics database from the C-Store lineage, now owned by Rocket Software.

33.1
Azure Data ExplorerColumnar / OLAPmanaged

Microsoft's Kusto engine: fast KQL analytics over logs, telemetry and time series at petabyte scale.

31.2
RavenDBDocumentopen source

ACID document database for .NET and beyond, with auto-indexing, Corax search and multi-master replication.

30.9
Apache PinotColumnar / OLAPopen source

Real-time OLAP store from LinkedIn for user-facing analytics at very high query rates.

29.9
SurrealDBDocument

Rust multi-model database (documents, graph, vectors, live queries) that runs embedded, in WASM or clustered.

28.8
CrateDBRelationalopen source

Distributed SQL database built on Lucene for real-time analytics over machine, IoT and JSON data.

27.3
IBM InformixRelational

Low-maintenance embeddable RDBMS with built-in TimeSeries, still quietly running retail and telco systems.

26.0
OpenObserveSearch Engineopen source

Single-binary Rust observability platform storing logs, metrics and traces as Parquet on object storage.

20.4
VictoriaLogsSearch Engineopen source

Log database from the VictoriaMetrics team: schemaless ingestion, LogsQL and low RAM and disk use.

19.4
ParseableColumnar / OLAPopen source

Rust telemetry datalake for logs, metrics and traces on S3, queried with SQL.

18.6
SigNozColumnar / OLAPopen source

OpenTelemetry-native APM and observability platform storing logs, metrics and traces in ClickHouse.

17.0
Timeplus ProtonColumnar / OLAPopen source

A single C++ binary for streaming SQL, built on ClickHouse's engine with streams and windows.

16.6
MongoDB AtlasDocumentmanaged

MongoDB's own multi-cloud DBaaS, bundling search, vector search and stream processing.

15.6
Grafana TempoColumnar / OLAPopen source

Object-storage-backed distributed tracing backend with TraceQL search and trace-derived metrics.

14.1
ArcadeDBGraphopen source

Multi-model Java database speaking SQL, Cypher, Gremlin, MongoDB and Redis protocols.

13.9
TinybirdColumnar / OLAP

Managed ClickHouse platform that turns SQL pipes into low-latency, versioned HTTP APIs.

12.6
QuickwitSearch Engineopen source

Cloud-native search engine on object storage for logs and traces, built on Tantivy.

11.9
AxiomColumnar / OLAPmanaged

Managed event and telemetry store with schema-on-read ingest and the piped APL query language.

10.9
KineticaColumnar / OLAP

GPU- and vector-accelerated database for real-time spatial, time-series and vector analytics.

6.4
MatrixOneRelationalopen source

MySQL-compatible cloud-native HTAP database on object storage, with vector search and snapshots.

6.1
Percona Server for MongoDBDocument

Drop-in MongoDB Community build with enterprise features like encryption, LDAP and hot backup.

5.9
KDB.AIVector

KX's vector database for time-aware AI search, with temporal similarity and hybrid retrieval.

4.9
eXtremeDBKey-Value

Embedded in-memory and hybrid database for devices, real-time systems and time-series analytics.

4.0
JaguarDBVector

Distributed vector database from DataJaguar that also handles time series and geospatial data.

3.4
PolyhedraRelational

Compact in-memory and flash relational DBMS for embedded, telecom and SCADA systems, sold by Enea.

2.9
BangDBDocument

Converged C/C++ NoSQL platform mixing key-value, documents, time-series, stream processing, graph and ML.

2.1
Redis CloudKey-Valuemanaged

Redis Ltd.'s own managed Redis on AWS, Azure and GCP, with Active-Active geo-replication and tiering.

1.6
Azure Managed RedisKey-Valuemanaged

Microsoft's managed Redis built on Redis Enterprise, replacing the retiring Azure Cache for Redis.

0.4
HydrolixColumnar / OLAP

Streaming data lake for log-scale event data, with ClickHouse-based SQL over object storage.

0.2
AncelusRelational

Proprietary ACID 'algorithmic' database from Indianapolis claiming extreme speed without conventional indexes.

0.0
ManhattanKey-Value

Twitter's in-house, multi-tenant, eventually consistent key-value store with pluggable storage engines.

0.0

license legend · Open source (permissive) · Open source (copyleft) · Source-available · Proprietary