Data model

RDF / Triple Store databases

Subject–predicate–object triples queried with SPARQL. The backbone of knowledge graphs and linked data. The leading options are OpenLink Virtuoso, Apache Jena TDB and QLever.

20 active · ordered by fit for this category, then WhichDB Score

OpenLink VirtuosoRDF / Triple Storeopen source

Hybrid SQL/RDF engine that runs many of the largest public SPARQL endpoints.

19.5
Apache Jena TDBRDF / Triple Storeopen source

Apache Jena's native RDF store, embeddable in Java or served over SPARQL with Fuseki.

18.9
QLeverRDF / Triple Storeopen source

Fast open-source SPARQL engine that serves all of Wikidata or OpenStreetMap from one machine.

17.9
AllegroGraphRDF / Triple Store

Lisp-built RDF and document knowledge graph with vector store, reasoning and LLM agents.

16.1
Graphwise GraphDB (Ontotext)RDF / Triple Store

Standards-compliant RDF triplestore with reasoning, connectors and MCP support for GraphRAG.

15.6
OxigraphRDF / Triple Storeopen source

Small, fast SPARQL database in Rust that embeds in Rust, Python and JavaScript or runs as a server.

15.1
StardogRDF / Triple Store

Enterprise knowledge-graph platform: RDF store, reasoning and virtual graphs over your sources.

12.7
Eclipse RDF4JRDF / Triple Storeopen source

Eclipse Foundation's Java RDF framework with native, LMDB and in-memory SPARQL stores.

10.6
FlureeDBRDF / Triple Store

Immutable RDF graph database with time travel, git-style branching, SPARQL, JSON-LD and Cypher.

5.3
RDFoxRDF / Triple Store

In-memory RDF store with incremental Datalog reasoning, now owned by Samsung.

3.4
BrightstarDBRDF / Triple Storeopen source

MIT-licensed RDF triple store for .NET with SPARQL and a LINQ-based entity framework; dormant since 2020.

2.7
AnzoGraphRDF / Triple Store

MPP in-memory RDF graph database for OLAP-style SPARQL analytics, now Altair Graph Lakehouse under Siemens.

1.4
4storeRDF / Triple Storeopen source

Clustered RDF quad store in C, built at Garlik for billions of triples; now receives only rare fixes.

1.2
DydraRDF / Triple Storemanaged

Hosted RDF triple store with SPARQL 1.1, valid-time indexing and an MCP endpoint on every repository.

0.0
StrixDBRDF / Triple Store

Small Windows RDF store with SPARQL, SPARQL/Update and Datalog rule inference, embeddable via Lua or DLL.

0.0
MarkLogicDocument

Enterprise multi-model database for XML, JSON and RDF with built-in search and semantic RAG.

21.6
TerminusDBGraphopen source

Git-for-data document and knowledge-graph database with branches, diffs and time travel.

21.0
Amazon NeptuneGraphmanaged

AWS's managed graph database speaking Gremlin, openCypher and SPARQL on shared storage.

15.2
CayleyGraphopen source

Go graph database inspired by Google's Knowledge Graph, dormant since its 2019 release.

9.4
GraphBaseGraph

FactNexus's commercial graph DBMS that treats whole graphs as transactional units for knowledge graphs.

0.0

license legend · Open source (permissive) · Open source (copyleft) · Source-available · Proprietary