vs

hnswlib vs ScaNN

hnswlib: Header-only C++ HNSW library with Python bindings, from the authors of the HNSW algorithm. ScaNN: Google Research's ANN library using anisotropic quantization; the tech behind Vertex AI and AlloyDB vectors.

key differences

  • ScaNN is built for larger datasets (≤ 1 PB) than hnswlib (≤ 10 TB).
  • Only ScaNN has compression.

choose hnswlib for

  • +Embedding HNSW in applications
  • +Baseline for ANN benchmarks
  • +Small in-process semantic search

best at · Vector search, Embedded

choose scann for

  • +High-throughput batch similarity search
  • +ANN research and benchmarking
  • +Embedding retrieval inside Python ML pipelines

best at · Vector search, Embedded, Scientific

overview
Primary model
Vector
Vector
Also supports
–
–
Type
Embedded library
Embedded library
Status
Active
Active
Developer
nmslib contributors
Google Research
First release
2017
2020
Latest version
0.9.0 (Mar 28, 2026)
1.4.2 (Aug 29, 2025)
License
Open source (permissive)Apache License 2.0
Open source (permissive)Apache License 2.0
Free tier
✓
✓
popularity
WhichDB Score
15.5
6.3
Rank
#211
#365
GitHub stars
5.4K
–
Stack Overflow questions
–
–
scale & guarantees
Comfortable data size
Medium (≤ 10 TB)
Large (≤ 1 PB)
Horizontal scaling
Manual
Manual
Multi-region
None
None
ACID
None
None
Consistency
Strong
Strong
Schema
Schemaless
Schemaless
Architecture
Embedded, In memory
Embedded, In memory
deployment
Self-hosted
✓
✓
Vendor-managed cloud
—
—
Serverless
—
—
Embedded
✓
✓
Edge
—
—
Clouds
–
–
capabilities
Transactions
—
—
Joins
—
—
Secondary indexes
—
—
Full-text search
—
—
Vector search
✓
✓
Geospatial
—
—
JSON
—
—
Change data capture
—
—
Triggers
—
—
Stored procedures
—
—
Materialized views
—
—
TTL / expiry
—
—
Pub/Sub
—
—
Columnar storage
—
—
In-memory
✓
✓
Durable persistence
—
—
Compression
—
✓
Encryption at rest
—
—
Role-based access
—
—
Time travel
—
—
Branching
—
—
Online schema changes
—
—
Streaming ingest
—
—
Offline sync
—
—
Runs in WebAssembly
—
—
interfaces
Query languages
Library API
Python API, C++ API
Client languages
C++, Python
Python, C++
Best for
Vector search, Embedded
Vector search, Embedded, Scientific

hnswlib vs ScaNN: FAQ

What is the difference between hnswlib and ScaNN?

hnswlib: Header-only C++ HNSW library with Python bindings, from the authors of the HNSW algorithm. ScaNN: Google Research's ANN library using anisotropic quantization; the tech behind Vertex AI and AlloyDB vectors. ScaNN is built for larger datasets (≤ 1 PB) than hnswlib (≤ 10 TB). Only ScaNN has compression.

When should I choose hnswlib over ScaNN?

Choose hnswlib for embedding HNSW in applications, baseline for ANN benchmarks and small in-process semantic search. Choose ScaNN for high-throughput batch similarity search; ANN research and benchmarking; and embedding retrieval inside Python ML pipelines.

Is hnswlib or ScaNN more popular?

hnswlib ranks #211 on the WhichDB Score (15.5/100) and ScaNN ranks #365 (6.3/100). Popularity is not fit: check the requirements that matter for your project.

Are hnswlib and ScaNN open source?

Yes. hnswlib is open source. License: Apache License 2.0. Yes. ScaNN is open source. License: Apache License 2.0.